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Others monitor space debris that could interfere with satellite operations. Some astronomers study distant galaxies and phenomena such as black holes and neutron stars. They use ground-based equipment, such as optical telescopes, and space-based equipment, such as the Hubble Space Telescope. They may study theory, design and perform experiments, or apply their knowledge in developing materials or equipment.Īstronomers study planets, stars, and other celestial bodies. Physicists explore the fundamental properties and laws that govern space, time, energy, and matter. Present research findings at conferences and lectures.Write scientific papers for publication.
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Develop computer software to analyze and model data.Design new scientific equipment, such as telescopes and lasers.Do mathematical calculations to analyze physical and astronomical data, such as for new material properties or the existence of planets in distant solar systems.Write proposals and apply for research funding.Plan and conduct scientific experiments and studies to test theories and discover properties of matter and energy.Develop scientific theories and models to explain the properties of the natural world, such as the force of gravity or the formation of subatomic particles.Physicists and astronomers typically do the following: Some physicists design and perform experiments with sophisticated equipment such as particle accelerators, electron microscopes, and lasers. Theoretical physicists and astronomers may study the nature of time or the origin of the universe. Physicists and astronomers study the interactions of matter and energy. Physicists plan and conduct scientific experiments and studies to test theories and to discover properties of matter and energy. Learn more about physicists and astronomers by visiting additional resources, including O*NET, a source on key characteristics of workers and occupations. More Information, Including Links to O*NET Similar OccupationsĬompare the job duties, education, job growth, and pay of physicists and astronomers with similar occupations. Many of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire.Įxplore resources for employment and wages by state and area for physicists and astronomers. Overall employment of physicists and astronomers is projected to grow 8 percent from 2020 to 2030, about as fast as the average for all occupations.Ībout 1,500 openings for physicists and astronomers are projected each year, on average, over the decade. The median annual wage for physicists was $152,430 in May 2021. The median annual wage for astronomers was $128,160 in May 2021. However, entry-level physicist jobs in the federal government typically require a bachelor’s degree in physics. Physicists and astronomers typically need a Ph.D.
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Most physicists and astronomers work full time, and some work more than 40 hours per week. Physicists and astronomers may work in offices, research laboratories, and observatories. Please enable javascript to play this video.